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Garage Kit, anime, chithunzi, Chithunzi Chosindikizidwa cha 3D
  • Garage Kit, anime, chithunzi, Chithunzi Chosindikizidwa cha 3D
  • Garage Kit, anime, chithunzi, Chithunzi Chosindikizidwa cha 3D

Garage Kit, anime, chithunzi, Chithunzi Chosindikizidwa cha 3D

Kufotokozera Kwapafupi:

Kuumba jekeseni ndi njira yovuta yopangira zinthu zambiri, monga mapangidwe a nkhungu, kupanga nkhungu, mawonekedwe azinthu zopangira ndi njira zopangira zopangira, kuumba, kuumba makina opangira jekeseni, ndipo kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukonza chilengedwe, nthawi yozizira ya mankhwala ndi ndondomeko pambuyo pa chithandizo.


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Tsiku lokatula 5 masiku kutumiza
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zina Kuphatikizapo kulongedza

Kuumba jekeseni ndi njira yovuta yopangira zinthu zambiri, monga mapangidwe a nkhungu, kupanga nkhungu, mawonekedwe azinthu zopangira ndi njira zopangira zopangira, kuumba, kuumba makina opangira jekeseni, ndipo kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukonza chilengedwe, nthawi yozizira ya mankhwala ndi ndondomeko pambuyo pa chithandizo.

Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za katundu ndi ndondomeko makhalidwe wamba zopangira jekeseni akamaumba:

ABS (super non breaking glue)

Kuchita kwa ABS:

ABS imapangidwa kuchokera ku butadiene, acrylonitrile ndi styrene.Aliyense monomer ali ndi makhalidwe osiyana: butadiene ali kulimba ndi mphamvu kukana;Kukhazikika kwamafuta ndi mankhwala a acrylonitrile;Styrene ili ndi kukonza kosavuta, kumaliza kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yayikulu.Pankhani ya morphology, ABS ndi chinthu cha amorphous chokhala ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba komanso zinthu zambiri za "kuuma, kulimba ndi chitsulo".Ndi polima amorphous.ABS ndi pulasitiki yaukadaulo wamba yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso ntchito zambiri.Imatchedwanso "pulasitiki-cholinga chonse" (MBS imatchedwa transparent ABS).ABS ndi yosavuta kuyamwa chinyezi, ndi mphamvu yokoka ya 1.05g / cm3 (yolemera pang'ono kuposa madzi), kuchepa kochepa (0.60%), kukula kokhazikika komanso kosavuta kupanga ndi kukonza.Makhalidwe a ABS makamaka amadalira chiŵerengero cha ma monomers atatu ndi kapangidwe ka maselo m'magawo awiriwa.Izi zitha kukhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu pamapangidwe azinthu, motero kupanga mazana a zida za ABS zamitundu yosiyanasiyana pamsika.Zida zosiyana siyanazi zimapereka makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, monga kukana kwapakatikati mpaka kumtunda, kutsika mpaka kumtunda wapamwamba komanso kusokonezeka kwa kutentha.Zinthu za ABS zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mawonekedwe amawonekedwe, kutsika pang'ono, kukhazikika kowoneka bwino komanso mphamvu yayikulu.ABS ndi wopepuka wachikasu granular kapena mikanda opaque utomoni, wopanda poizoni, wopanda kukoma ndi otsika mayamwidwe madzi.Ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino athunthu komanso amakina, monga zinthu zabwino kwambiri zamagetsi, kukana kuvala, kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, kukana kwamankhwala ndi gloss pamwamba, ndipo ndi yosavuta kukonza ndi mawonekedwe.Zoyipa zake ndi kukana nyengo, kusamva bwino kwa kutentha ndi kupsa.

Zotsatira za ABS:

a: ABS ili ndi kuyamwa kwakukulu kwa chinyezi komanso kukhudzidwa kwa chinyezi.Musanawumbe, uyenera kuumitsa kwathunthu ndikutenthedwa kale (osachepera maola 2 pa 80 ~ 90C) kuti muchepetse chinyezi pansi pa 0.03%.

b: Kusungunuka kwa ma viscosity a ABS resin sikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha (kusiyana ndi ma resins ena amorphous).Ngakhale kutentha kwa jakisoni wa ABS ndikokwera pang'ono kuposa kwa PS, sikungakhale ndi kutentha kotayirira ngati PS.njira ya kutentha kwakhungu singagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwake.Fluidity imatha kupitilizidwa powonjezera liwiro la screw kapena kuthamanga kwa jakisoni.Nthawi zambiri, kutentha processing ayenera 190-235 ℃

c: The kusungunuka mamasukidwe akayendedwe a ABS ndi sing'anga, apamwamba kuposa PS, m'chiuno ndi monga, choncho m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mowa kuthamanga kwambiri jekeseni (500 ~ 1000bar)

d: Zinthu za ABS zimatenga liwiro lapakati komanso lalitali la jakisoni, ndipo mphamvu ya mowa imakhala yabwinoko.(pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwewo ndi ovuta komanso ocheperako amafunikira liwiro lalikulu la jakisoni), mizere yamafuta ndi yosavuta kuchitika pamphuno ya chinthucho.

e: ABS akamaumba kutentha ndi mkulu, ndi nkhungu kutentha ake zambiri kusintha pa 25-70 ℃.Popanga zinthu zazikulu, kutentha kwa nkhungu yokhazikika (kutsogolo) kumakhala pafupifupi 5 ℃ kuposa kusuntha nkhungu (kumbuyo kumbuyo).(kutentha kwa nkhungu kumakhudza mapeto a zigawo za pulasitiki, ndipo kutentha kochepa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mapeto otsika)

f: ABS sayenera kukhala mu mbiya yotentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali (osakwana mphindi 30), apo ayi ndiyosavuta kuwola ndikutembenukira chikasu.

PS (polystyrene)

1. Kuchita kwa PS:

PS ndi polima amorphous yokhala ndi madzi abwino komanso mayamwidwe amadzi otsika (osakwana 00.2%), omwe ndi pulasitiki yowonekera mosavuta kupanga ndi kukonza.Zogulitsa zake zimakhala ndi ma transmittance opepuka a 88-92%, mphamvu yamitundu yolimba komanso kuuma kwakukulu.Komabe, zinthu za PS ndizosakhazikika, sachedwa kupsinjika kwamkati, kukana kutentha (60-80 ℃), zopanda poizoni, komanso mphamvu yokoka yeniyeni ndi pafupifupi 1.04g \ cm3 (yokulirapo pang'ono kuposa madzi).Kumangirira shrinkage (mtengo wake nthawi zambiri ndi 0.004-0.007in/in), transparent PS - dzinali limangosonyeza kuwonekera kwa utomoni, osati crystallinity.(mankhwala ndi thupi katundu: malonda PS ambiri mandala ndi amorphous zipangizo. PS ali bwino kwambiri geometric bata, matenthedwe bata, kuwala kufala makhalidwe, makhalidwe magetsi kutchinjiriza ndi chizolowezi pang'ono kuyamwa chinyezi. Iwo akhoza kukana madzi ndi kuchepetsedwa zidulo inorganic, koma akhoza kukhala dzimbiri ndi zidulo amphamvu oxidizing monga concentrated sulfuric acid, ndipo akhoza kufutukuka ndi kupunduka mu organic solvents.)

2. Makhalidwe a PS:

Malo osungunuka a PS ndi 166 ℃, kutentha kwa processing kumakhala 185-215 ℃, ndi kutentha kosungunuka ndi 180 ~ 280 ℃.Kwa zipangizo zochepetsera moto, malire apamwamba ndi 250 ℃, ndipo kutentha kwa kuwonongeka kuli pafupifupi 290 ℃, kotero kuti kutentha kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kwakukulu.Kutentha kwa nkhungu ndi 40 ~ 50 ℃, ndipo kuthamanga kwa jekeseni ndi 200 ~ 600bar.Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito liwiro la jekeseni mwachangu pa liwiro la jekeseni.Mitundu yonse yodziwika bwino ya zipata imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothamanga komanso pachipata.Zinthu za PS nthawi zambiri sizifunikira kuyanika mankhwala musanazikonze pokhapokha zitasungidwa molakwika.Ngati kuyanika ndikofunikira, kuyanika kovomerezeka ndi 80C kwa maola 2-3.Chifukwa cha kutentha kwapadera kwa PS, imatha kukhazikika ndikukhazikika mwachangu popanga zisankho zina.Kuthamanga kwake kozizira kumakhala kofulumira kuposa kwa zida wamba, ndipo nthawi yotsegulira nkhungu ikhoza kukhala kale.Nthawi ya pulasitiki ndi nthawi yozizira ndi yochepa, ndipo nthawi yozungulira yozungulira idzachepetsedwa;Kuwala kwa zinthu za PS kuli bwino ndikuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa nkhungu.

PE (polyethylene)

1. Kuchita kwa PE:

PE ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki wokhala ndi zotulutsa zazikulu kwambiri pakati pa mapulasitiki.Amadziwika ndi zofewa, zopanda poizoni, mtengo wotsika, kukonza bwino, kukana mankhwala abwino, osavuta kuwononga komanso kusindikiza kovuta.PE ndi wamba crystalline polima.Lili ndi mitundu yambiri.LDPE (otsika kachulukidwe polyethylene) ndi HDPE (high kachulukidwe polyethylene) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Ndi mapulasitiki owoneka bwino okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso mphamvu yokoka ya 0.94g/cm3 (yaing'ono kuposa madzi);Kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri ka LLDPE utomoni (kachulukidwe ndi wotsika kuposa 0.910g/cc, ndipo kachulukidwe ka LLDPE ndi LDPE ndi pakati pa 0.91-0.925).LDPE ndi yofewa, (yomwe imadziwika kuti zomatira zofewa) HDPE imadziwika kuti guluu wolimba kwambiri.Ndizovuta kuposa LDPE.Ndichinthu cha semi crystalline chokhala ndi shrinkage yayikulu pambuyo poumba.Ili ndi kuwala koyipa pakati pa 1.5% ndi 4%, crystallinity yayikulu, ndipo imakonda kusokoneza chilengedwe.Zida zomwe zili ndi makhalidwe otsika othamanga zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa mkati ndi kuchepetsa kusweka.Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 60 ℃, ndikosavuta kusungunuka muzosungunulira za hydrocarbon, koma kukana kwake kusungunuka kuli bwino kuposa LDPE.

Kuwala kwakukulu kwa HDPE kumabweretsa kuchulukira kwake kwakukulu, kulimba kwamphamvu, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kutentha, kukhuthala komanso kukhazikika kwamankhwala.Ili ndi mphamvu yosakwanira kuposa LDPE.PE-HD ili ndi mphamvu zochepa.The katundu makamaka olamulidwa ndi kachulukidwe ndi maselo kulemera kugawa.Kugawa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa HDPE ndikocheperako.Kwa kachulukidwe ka 0.91 ~ 0.925g / cm3, timatcha mtundu woyamba wa PE-HD;Pakachulukidwe ka 0.926 ~ 0.94g/cm3, imatchedwa mtundu wachiwiri wa HDPE;Pakachulukidwe ka 0.94 ~ 0.965g/cm3, imatchedwa mtundu wachitatu wa HDPE.Nkhaniyi ili ndi makhalidwe abwino othamanga ndi MFR pakati pa 0.1 ndi 28. Kulemera kwa maselo, kumayipitsitsa kwa makhalidwe a LDPE, koma kumakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera.HDPE imakonda kusokoneza chilengedwe.

Kuphwanyidwa kungathe kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zili ndi makhalidwe otsika kwambiri kuti muchepetse nkhawa zamkati.HDPE ndiyosavuta kusungunula muzosungunulira za hydrocarbon kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 60C, koma kukana kwake kusungunuka kuli bwino kuposa LDPE LDPE ndi chinthu cha semi crystalline chokhala ndi shrinkage yayikulu pambuyo pakuwumba, kuyambira 1.5% mpaka 4%.LLDPE (mizere yotsika kachulukidwe polyethylene) imakhala yolimba kwambiri, kulowa, kukhudzidwa komanso kukana misozi, zomwe zimapangitsa LLDPE kukhala yoyenera filimu.Kukaniza kwake kwabwino kwambiri kwapang'onopang'ono kwachilengedwe, kukana kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kukana kwa tsamba lankhondo kumapangitsa LLDPE kukhala yokongola kwa chitoliro, kutulutsa mbale ndi ntchito zonse zowumba.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwaposachedwa kwa LLDPE kuli ngati filimu yapulasitiki yomangira zinyalala zotayiramo zinyalala komanso thanki yamadzi otayira.

2. Makhalidwe a PE:

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pazigawo za PE ndi shrinkage yayikulu yomangira, yomwe ndiyosavuta kufota ndikupunduka.Zinthu za PE zimakhala ndi mayamwidwe ang'onoang'ono amadzi ndipo sizingawumitsidwe.The processing kutentha osiyanasiyana PE ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndipo si kophweka kuwola (kuwola kutentha ndi 320 ℃).Ngati kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu, kachulukidwe kake kamakhala kokwera kwambiri ndipo kuchepa kwake kumakhala kochepa.PE ili ndi madzi apakati.Zinthu zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa ndipo kutentha kwa nkhungu kuyenera kukhala kosasintha (40-60 ℃).The crystallinity wa PE ikugwirizana ndi akamaumba zinthu mikhalidwe.Ili ndi kutentha kozizira kwambiri.Ngati kutentha kwa nkhungu kuli kochepa, crystallinity ndi yochepa.Mu ndondomeko ya crystallization, chifukwa cha anisotropy ya shrinkage, kupsinjika kwamkati kumakhazikika, ndipo mbali za PE zimakhala zosavuta kusokoneza ndi kusweka.Chogulitsacho chikayikidwa m'madzi otentha pa 80 ℃, kupanikizika kumatha kumasuka pamlingo wina.Pa akamaumba ndondomeko, zinthu kutentha ndi nkhungu kutentha ayenera kukhala apamwamba.Kuthamanga kwa jakisoni kuyenera kukhala kochepa poonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawo ali abwino.Kuzizira kwa nkhungu kumafunika makamaka kuti ikhale yofulumira komanso yofananira, ndipo mankhwalawa ndi otentha panthawi yoboola.

PP (polypropylene)

1. Kuchita kwa PP:

PP ndi crystalline polima.Pakati pa mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, PP ndiyopepuka kwambiri, yokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 0.91g/cm3 yokha (yosachepera madzi).Pakati pa mapulasitiki wamba, PP imakhala yabwino kwambiri kukana kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwake ndi 80-100 ℃, yomwe imatha kuwiritsidwa m'madzi otentha.PP imakhala ndi kukana kupsinjika kwamphamvu komanso kutopa kwambiri, komwe kumadziwika kuti "100% guluu".Ntchito yonse ya PP ndiyabwino kuposa ya PE.Zogulitsa za PP zimakhala ndi kulemera kopepuka, kulimba kwabwino komanso kukana mankhwala abwino.Zoyipa za PP: kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono, kusasunthika kosakwanira, kukana kwanyengo komanso kosavuta kupanga "kuwonongeka kwamkuwa".Ili ndi post shrinkage phenomenon.Pambuyo pobowola, ndikosavuta kukalamba, kukhala wosasunthika komanso wopunduka.PP nthawi zonse yakhala chinthu chachikulu chopangira ulusi chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kwa utoto, kukana kuvala, kukana mankhwala komanso momwe chuma chikuyendera.PP ndi zinthu za semi crystalline.Ndizovuta kuposa PE ndipo ili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri.Chifukwa homopolymer PP ndi Chimaona ngati kutentha ndi apamwamba kuposa 0 ℃, zambiri malonda PP zipangizo ndi osasamba copolymers ndi 1 ~ 4% ethylene kapena achepetsa copolymers ndi apamwamba ethylene zili.Zipangizo za Copolymer PP zimakhala ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono (100 ℃), kuwonekera pang'ono, kuwala kochepa komanso kukhazikika kochepa, koma kumakhala ndi mphamvu zokulirapo.Mphamvu ya PP imawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ethylene.

2. Makhalidwe a PP:

PP imakhala ndi madzi abwino komanso magwiridwe antchito pakutentha kosungunuka.PP ili ndi makhalidwe awiri pokonza: choyamba, kukhuthala kwa PP kusungunuka kumachepa kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro la kukameta ubweya (zosakhudzidwa ndi kutentha);Chachiwiri: mlingo waukulu wa kayendedwe ka maselo ndi kuchepa kwakukulu.Kutentha kwa PP ndi 220 ~ 275 ℃.Ndi bwino kusapitirira 275 ℃.Ili ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwamafuta (kutentha kwa kutentha ndi 310 ℃), koma kutentha kwambiri (270-300 ℃), imatha kunyozeka ngati ikhala mumgolo kwa nthawi yayitali.Chifukwa kukhuthala kwa PP kumachepa mwachiwonekere ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro la kukameta ubweya, kukulitsa kuthamanga kwa jakisoni ndi liwiro la jakisoni kumakulitsa kutulutsa kwake, kutsika kwake komanso kukhumudwa.Kutentha kwa nkhungu (40 ~ 80 ℃), 50 ℃ tikulimbikitsidwa.Digiri ya crystallization imatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kutentha kwa nkhungu, komwe kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mumtundu wa 30-50 ℃.Kusungunuka kwa PP kumatha kudutsa pampata wopapatiza kwambiri mukufa kuti mupange m'mphepete.Pakusungunuka kwa PP, kumafunika kuyamwa kutentha kwakukulu (kutentha kwakukulu kwapadera), ndipo mankhwalawa ndi otentha kwambiri atapangidwa.PP sichiyenera kuuma panthawi yokonza, ndipo kuchepa ndi crystallinity ya PP ndizochepa kuposa za PE.Kuthamanga kwa jakisoni nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito jekeseni wothamanga kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwamkati.Ngati pali zolakwika pamwamba pa chinthucho, jekeseni wothamanga kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana azinthu zopangira zosiyanasiyana amatsimikiziranso njira zosiyanasiyana, kotero kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumasiyananso.

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